|
The curlew sandpiper was [[species description|formally described]] in 1763 by the Danish author [[Erik Pontoppidan]] under the [[binomial name]] ''Tringa ferrugineus''.[{{cite book | last=Pontoppidan | first=Erik | author-link=Erik Pontoppidan | year=1763 | title=Den Danske Atlas eller Konge-Riget Dannemark | volume=1 | language=da | location=Kiøbenhavn | publisher=Godiche | page=624 | url=https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN391287532?tify={%22pages%22:[728]} |date=1763|trans-title=The Danske Atlas or Konge-Riget Dannemark}}] It was transferred to the genus ''[[Calidris]]'' in 1804 by the German naturalist [[Blasius Merrem]].[{{cite journal | last=Merrem | first=Blasius | author-link=Blasius Merrem | date=1804 | title=Naturgeschichte | language=de | journal=[[Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung]] | volume=168 | at=Col. 542 | url=https://digipress.digitale-sammlungen.de/view/bsb10502034_00451_u001/1 |quote=Knuſſel, Calidris. Schnabel walzenförmig, gegen die Spitze hin dicker, glatt. Mittlere und äuſsere Zehe etwas verbunden. Tringa calidris, arenaria u. a.|trans-quote=Knussel, Calidris. Beak cylindrical, becoming thicker toward the tip, smooth. Middle and outer toes somewhat connected. Tringa calidris, arenaria and others.|issn=1861-6682}} Published anonymously.][{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2021 | title=Sandpipers, snipes, coursers | work=IOC World Bird List Version 11.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/sandpipers/ | publisher=[[International Ornithologists' Union]] | access-date=13 November 2021 }}] The genus name is from the [[Ancient Greek]] ''kalidris'' or ''skalidris'', a term used by [[Aristotle]] for some grey waterside birds. The [[specific epithet]] ''ferruginea'' is from the [[Latin]] ''ferrugo, ferruginis'', "iron rust", referring to its colour in breeding plumage.[{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2009| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=[[Christopher Helm]] | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n84 84], [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n159 159]|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|date=2009|edition=1st|publication-date=November 19, 2009}}] The curlew sandpiper is treated as [[monotypic]], with no [[subspecies]] recognised.[ Within the genus ''Calidris'', the curlew sandpiper is most closely related to the [[stilt sandpiper]] (''Calidris himantopus'').][{{Cite journal | last1=Gibson | first1=Rosemary | last2=Baker | first2=Allan | date=2012 | title=Multiple gene sequences resolve phylogenetic relationships in the shorebird suborder Scolopaci (Aves: Charadriiformes) | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=64 | issue=1 | pages=66–72 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2012.03.008| pmid=22491071 |eissn=1095-9513|issn=1055-7903}}][{{Cite journal |last=Černý |first=David |last2=Natale |first2=Rossy |date=2022 |title=Comprehensive taxon sampling and vetted fossils help clarify the time tree of shorebirds (Aves, Charadriiformes) |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790322002330 |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=177 |article-number=107620 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107620 |issn=1055-7903|url-access=subscription }}] It occasionally [[Hybrid (biology)|hybridises]] with the [[sharp-tailed sandpiper]] and the [[pectoral sandpiper]], producing the hybrids [[Hybridisation in shorebirds#Cooper's sandpiper|Cooper's sandpiper]] (''Calidris'' × ''cooperi'') and [[Cox's sandpiper]] (''Calidris'' × ''paramelanotos''), respectively.[{{cite journal | last=Cox | first=John B. | year=1989 | title=Notes on the affinities of Cooper's and Cox's sandpipers | journal=[[South Australian Ornithologist]] | volume=30 | pages=169–181 | url=http://www.birdssa.asn.au/images/saopdfs/Volume30/1989V30P169.pdf |issn=0038-2973}}][{{cite journal| last=Cox | first=John B. |year=1990 |title=The measurements of Cooper's Sandpiper and the occurrence of a similar bird in Australia |journal=South Australian Ornithologist |volume=31 | pages=38–43 |url=http://www.birdssa.asn.au/images/saopdfs/Volume31/1990V31P038.pdf }}] |
|
The curlew sandpiper was [[species description|formally described]] in 1763 by the Danish author [[Erik Pontoppidan]] under the [[binomial name]] ''Tringa ferrugineus''.[{{cite book | last=Pontoppidan | first=Erik | author-link=Erik Pontoppidan | year=1763 | title=Den Danske Atlas eller Konge-Riget Dannemark | volume=1 | language=da | location=Kiøbenhavn | publisher=Godiche | page=624 | url=https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN391287532?tify={%22pages%22:[728]} |date=1763|trans-title=The Danske Atlas or Konge-Riget Dannemark}}] It was transferred to the genus ''[[Calidris]]'' in 1804 by the German naturalist [[Blasius Merrem]].[{{cite journal | last=Merrem | first=Blasius | author-link=Blasius Merrem | date=1804 | title=Naturgeschichte | language=de | journal=[[Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung]] | volume=168 | at=Col. 542 | url=https://digipress.digitale-sammlungen.de/view/bsb10502034_00451_u001/1 |quote=Knuſſel, Calidris. Schnabel walzenförmig, gegen die Spitze hin dicker, glatt. Mittlere und äuſsere Zehe etwas verbunden. Tringa calidris, arenaria u. a.|trans-quote=Knussel, Calidris. Beak cylindrical, becoming thicker toward the tip, smooth. Middle and outer toes somewhat connected. Tringa calidris, arenaria and others.|issn=1861-6682|trans-title=Natural history}} Published anonymously.][{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2021 | title=Sandpipers, snipes, coursers | work=IOC World Bird List Version 11.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/sandpipers/ | publisher=[[International Ornithologists' Union]] | access-date=13 November 2021 }}] The genus name is from the [[Ancient Greek]] ''kalidris'' or ''skalidris'', a term used by [[Aristotle]] for some grey waterside birds. The [[specific epithet]] ''ferruginea'' is from the [[Latin]] ''ferrugo, ferruginis'', "iron rust", referring to its colour in breeding plumage.[{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2009| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=[[Christopher Helm]] | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n84 84], [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n159 159]|url=https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling|date=2009|edition=1st|publication-date=November 19, 2009}}] The curlew sandpiper is treated as [[monotypic]], with no [[subspecies]] recognised.[ Within the genus ''Calidris'', the curlew sandpiper is most closely related to the [[stilt sandpiper]] (''Calidris himantopus'').][{{Cite journal | last1=Gibson | first1=Rosemary | last2=Baker | first2=Allan | date=2012 | title=Multiple gene sequences resolve phylogenetic relationships in the shorebird suborder Scolopaci (Aves: Charadriiformes) | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=64 | issue=1 | pages=66–72 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2012.03.008| pmid=22491071 |eissn=1095-9513|issn=1055-7903}}][{{Cite journal |last=Černý |first=David |last2=Natale |first2=Rossy |date=2022 |title=Comprehensive taxon sampling and vetted fossils help clarify the time tree of shorebirds (Aves, Charadriiformes) |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790322002330 |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=177 |article-number=107620 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107620 |issn=1055-7903|url-access=subscription }}] It occasionally [[Hybrid (biology)|hybridises]] with the [[sharp-tailed sandpiper]] and the [[pectoral sandpiper]], producing the hybrids [[Hybridisation in shorebirds#Cooper's sandpiper|Cooper's sandpiper]] (''Calidris'' × ''cooperi'') and [[Cox's sandpiper]] (''Calidris'' × ''paramelanotos''), respectively.[{{cite journal | last=Cox | first=John B. | year=1989 | title=Notes on the affinities of Cooper's and Cox's sandpipers | journal=[[South Australian Ornithologist]] | volume=30 | pages=169–181 | url=http://www.birdssa.asn.au/images/saopdfs/Volume30/1989V30P169.pdf |issn=0038-2973}}][{{cite journal| last=Cox | first=John B. |year=1990 |title=The measurements of Cooper's Sandpiper and the occurrence of a similar bird in Australia |journal=South Australian Ornithologist |volume=31 | pages=38–43 |url=http://www.birdssa.asn.au/images/saopdfs/Volume31/1990V31P038.pdf }}] |
|
The curlew sandpiper forms pairs during northward migration.[{{Cite journal |last=Portenko |first=Leonid A. |date=1968 |title=Studien an einigen seltenen Limicolen aus dem nördlichen und östlichen Sibirien III |journal=[[Journal of Ornithology|Journal für Ornithologie]] |language=de |volume=109 |issue=1 |pages=96–115 |doi=10.1007/BF01678109 |issn=1439-0361|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01678109}}] Pairs usually arrive at their breeding site in early June and perform courtship in mid-June. The female moves around an area about a few hectares large, feeding, and the male follows her attentively, trailing her {{Convert|3-6|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} away, occasionally giving partial or complete songs and conducting various types of courtship behaviour. Courtship behaviour includes the following: |
|
The curlew sandpiper forms pairs during northward migration.[{{Cite journal |last=Portenko |first=Leonid A. |date=1968 |title=Studien an einigen seltenen Limicolen aus dem nördlichen und östlichen Sibirien III |journal=[[Journal of Ornithology|Journal für Ornithologie]] |language=de |volume=109 |issue=1 |pages=96–115 |doi=10.1007/BF01678109 |issn=1439-0361|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01678109|trans-title=Studies on some rare waders from northern and eastern Siberia III}}] Pairs usually arrive at their breeding site in early June and perform courtship in mid-June. The female moves around an area about a few hectares large, feeding, and the male follows her attentively, trailing her {{Convert|3-6|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} away, occasionally giving partial or complete songs and conducting various types of courtship behaviour. Courtship behaviour includes the following: |
|
* {{Em|Aerial courtship}}, where the male pursues the female in long chases, occasionally catching up. When he catches up, he lifts his wings horizontally and glides toward the female while making trilling calls and occasionally performing his chase call. (The female also, although more rarely, performs the chase call.) The aerial chase closely resembles territorial conflicts, though the latter is more erratic, with sharper turns and gyrations. After the pair lands, the male then begins one of the ground courtship displays. |
|
* {{Em|Aerial courtship}}, where the male pursues the female in long chases, occasionally catching up. When he catches up, he lifts his wings horizontally and glides toward the female while making trilling calls and occasionally performing his chase call. (The female also, although more rarely, performs the chase call.) The aerial chase closely resembles territorial conflicts, though the latter is more erratic, with sharper turns and gyrations. After the pair lands, the male then begins one of the ground courtship displays. |
